Research Goals

We seek to understand and quantify the processes that shape the landscapes on Earth and other planets, and to unravel the expression of these processes in the ancient sedimentary record. Our overarching research goals are centered around answering: (a) How do modern geomorphic processes interact and manifest themselves in landscape form and function? (b) What is the depositional signature of these processes in the sedimentary record? We work on a range of environments (from erosional to depositional systems), across a wide range of spatiotemporal scales (from the migration of a single river dune upto the scale of sedimentary basin filling), and across modern and ancient systems. The unifying themes that connect these contrasting scales and environments is our desire to quantify the effect of variability (both internally generated within geomorphic and sedimentary systems, and externally-imposed on the landscape), and to quantitatively map the dynamics of surface processes to their depositional products in the ancient rock record.

To address these questions, we use an interdisciplinary, integrated approach that combines our understanding of modern geomorphic processes and ancient sedimentary deposits with the hydrodynamics of sediment transport and loose-boundary hydraulics. We combine a wide array of tools ranging from sediment transport theory, mathematical and statistical analyses, physical experiments, and field observations to address these research challenges.

Research Topics

Research By VAMSI GANTI

Stochastic theories for sediment transport

How to develop mathematical models for sediment transport that acknowledge both the physics and the statistical nature of processes that shape landscapes? What is the physical meaning of nonlocality of sediment transport in field settings? How can we constrain the parameters of nonlocal sediment transport models using field observations?

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Research By VAMSI GANTI

Mechanics of river avulsions on deltas and their deposits

When, where, and how do river avulsions occur on deltas? How are these hazardous events projected to change in frequency during a time of climate change and anthropogenic interference? What are the depositional signatures of avulsion processes in the rock record, and how can we use the past as a means for managing future avulsion events?

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Research By VAMSI GANTI

Morphodynamics of Precambrian rivers

What role do land plants play in setting the large-scale morphology and dynamics of rivers? How different were the Precambrian rivers from their modern counterparts? What information can Precambrian river morphodynamics give us about the scale of continents and the nature of source-to-sink sediment transfer?

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Research By VAMSI GANTI

Past surface processes on Mars

What information can the nature of crater degradation tell us about changes in climate and surface erosion rates on Mars through time? Can we use the past river deposits on Mars to constrain the timing and vigor of the past hydrological cycle?

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Research By VAMSI GANTI

Hydrodynamic controls on the evolution of bed forms and resulting cross-stratification

How does bed form geometry and kinematics relate to the formative flow conditions? Can we quantitatively interpret the bed form kinematics and paleohydraulic conditions from cross-stratification? How can we estimate paleo-sediment fluxes from deposits of hierarchical elements of fluvial deposits (e.g., ripples, dunes, bars)?

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Research By VAMSI GANTI

Physical controls on the measurement of geologic time and the architecture of stratigraphy

What are the physical controls on how, and how much, time is recorded in the sedimentary archive? What information can the geometry of stratigraphic surfaces give us about the formative geomorphic surfaces and their kinematics? Does the sedimentary archive preferentially record the mundane events or the extremes?

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